Nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, u Rwanda rwisanze rufite ubukungu bwasenyutse ku buryo kongera kubwubaka byasaga no guhera ku busa kuko nta mushoramari wigenga washoboraga kubona u Rwanda nk’ahantu ho gushora imari.
Umuryango FPR Inkotanyi wari uyoboye Guverinoma y’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda wari ufite ibibazo byinshi birimo kongera kubaka Igihugu guhera ku busa. Aho rero ni ho sosiyete yitwaga ‘Tri-Star Investments Limited’ ari yo yaje guhinduka ‘Crystal Ventures Limited (CVL)’ yagize akamaro gakomeye.
Tri-Star itangira, yari sosiyete ya FPR Inkotanyi ifasha mu gihe cy’urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu mu myaka ya 1990-1994, kuko yakururaga abanyemari batandukanye cyane cyane Abanyarwanda baba mu bihugu byo hanze.
Nyuma y’imyaka micye FPR igeze ku butegetsi, Tri-Star yashoye mu bikorwa bitandukanye harimo gucuruza ibyuma, kubaka imihanda, kubaka inzu zo guturamo, gucuruza ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi, gutunganya imbuto, gucuruza za telefoni, ishora mu bya ‘printing’, gutumiza mu mahanga ibikoresho byo mu nzu, ndetse no muri serivisi z’umutekano.
Ishyirwaho rya Crystal Ventures Limited
Sosiyete ya Crystal Ventures Limited (CVL) yashyizweho mu 1995, ishyirwaho yitwa ‘Tri-Star Investments Limited’. Hari mu bihe bigoye, nyuma ya Jenoside aho ubukungu bw’u Rwanda ndetse n’inzego zitandukanye harimo ubuhinzi, ubucuruzi n’imari byari byarahungabanye cyane. Kubera ko urwego rw’abikorera ndetse n’inganda nta byari bihari, u Rwanda rwahuye n’ibibazo byo kudashobora kubona ibintu bikenerwa by’ibanze mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Muri ibyo bihe bigoye rero nibwo sosiyete ya CVL yashoye mu mishinga itandukanye igamije gufasha ubukungu bw’Igihugu kongera kuzamuka.
Ku ntangiriro, CVL yashyizeho sosiyete ya ‘Umutara Enterprises’ yatumizaga mu mahanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye harimo n’intebe n’ameza byo mu nzu. Nubwo hari ibyago byo kuba bizinesi itagenda neza uko bikwiye, ariko CVL yakomeje gukora, igaragaza ubushake bwo kugira ishoramari rizana inyungu ndetse n’ibyiza.
Yifashishije Tri-Star, FPR yakoze gahunda yo gushora imari mu nzego yabonaga nta mushoramari wigenga wakwigerezaho ngo ashoremo imari, Tri-Star ikaba ari ho ishora imari, bikagaragaza amahirwe ahari y’ishoramari. Mu gihe kompanyi za Tri-Star zari zimaze kugaragaza inyungu iva muri iryo shoramari, nibwo abashoramari bigenga batangiye kujyamo na bo kandi mu buryo bwihuse, bivuze ko ubwo buryo bwo gukurura abashoramari bigenga bwabyaye umusaruro.
Iyo sosiyete yabaye iya mbere mu gushora muri za telefoni zigendanwa binyuze muri MTN Rwanda
Irindi shoramari rikomeye ryakozwe na Tri-Star muri icyo gihe ni ugushora muri MTN Rwanda. Icyo gihe, ngo abashoramari mpuzamahanga ntawabonaga u Rwanda nk’ahantu haboneka isoko ry’ibijyanye na za telefoni zigendanwa, kandi na Guverinoma y’u Rwanda icyo gihe nta mikoro ahagije yari ifite, Tri-Star ishyiraho umuyoboro wa ‘MTN cellphone network’. Iryo shoramari ryageze ku musaruro ku buryo bushimishije, ndetse bituma MTN yongera imigabane.
Tri-Star yabanje kugira imigabane ingana na 65%, naho MTN ya Afurika y’Epfo ifite 26%, imigabane isigaye ikaba iya Guverinoma y’u Rwanda, ariko uko imyaka yagiye ishira, Tri-Star yagendaga igabanya imigabane yayo yari ifite muri MTN kuko yabonaga ko iryo shoramari ryayo ryamaze kubyara umusaruro.
Mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 2011, Guverinoma na CVL bahise bagurisha indi migabane, bituma CVL isigarana 20% gusa. Ishoramari rya Tri-Star muri za telefoni zigendanwa ntiryazanye telefoni ku isoko ry’u Rwanda gusa, ahubwo ryanatumye u Rwanda rubona uburenganzira kuri uwo muyoboro, kandi bituma hari n’abashoramari benshi b’Abanyarwanda batangira gushora imari yabo mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga.
Uko CVL yagiye yagura ishoramari ryayo
Ishoramari rya CVL ntiryagarukiye gusa mu bijyanye n’itumanaho, kuko byagaragaraga ko hari ibindi bikenewe mu Rwanda rumaze kubona amahoro n’ituze, bituma CVL itangira gushora imari mu by’amahoteli , ubwo nibwo yubatse Hoteli y’inyenyeri eshanu muri Kigali, nka hoteli Intercontinental, ari yo yaje kwitwa Serena Hotels.
Kubaka urwego rw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi
Ishoramari rikomeye CVL yakoze muri urwo rwego, ni ugushinga uruganda rw’Inyange (Inyange Industries), rwatangiye rutunganya litiro 5,000 z’amata ku munsi, bijyanye n’uko isoko ryari rihagaze. Mu 2023, uruganda rwa ‘Inyange Industries’ rwari ruri ku rwego rwo gutunganya litiro 20,000 z’amata ku munsi, hakiyongeraho uruganda rushya rwo muri Nyagatare rwitezweho kuzajya rutunganya litiro 800,000 ku munsi.
Kayonga Jack, Umuyobozi mukuru wa CVL, yagarutse ku ruhare iyo sosiyete igira mu rwego rw’ubukungu, avuga ko hari Miliyoni 320 z’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda ($270,000) zishyurwa aborozi bo hirya no hino mu gihugu ku munsi. Hakaba na Miliyoni zisaga 50 z’Amadolari yashowe mu bijyanye no kwita no gutunganya umusaruro w’amata gusa, hagamijwe gufasha aborozi kugira ngo n’uruganda rutabura amata.
Kayonga aganira na The New Times muri Kamena 2024, yagize ati, “Rero turateganya kuba rumwe mu nzego z’ishoramari zikomeye mu Rwanda mu mpera z’uyu mwaka”.
Sosiyete ya CVL ibona ko bikwiye ko ari yo yajya yivugira amakuru ayerekeyeho
Mu bihe byashize, sosiyete ya CVL yagendaga gacye ku bijyanye no gutangaza ibyo yagezeho, ariko ibyo byatumye hari amakuru yayo yajyaga avugwa nabi, CEO Kayonga Jack agashimangira ko bikwiye ko yajya yivugira amakuru ayerekeyeho.
Kayonga yagize ati, “ Nk’uburyo bushya, twabonye ko bikwiye ko twazajya twivugira inkuru zacu ubwacu, kuko mu by’ukuri dufite inkuru nyinshi nziza zo kuvuga”.
Intambwe y’ingenzi muri icyo cyerekezo, ni uko hateganyijwe gahunda ya ‘Initial Public Offering (IPO)’ izaba mu mwaka wa 2025. Iyo gahunda igamije kugurisha imigabane ya CVL ku Banyarwanda no ku isoko mpuzamahanga, ibyo ngo bizongera urwego rwo gukorera mu mucyo, bikazanakuraho ikintu cyo kubona ko ari sosiyete ishamikiye kuri politiki.
Yagize ati, “ Iyo ugiye ku isoko ry’imari n’imigabane, ugatanga imwe mu migabane yawe ikagurwa n’abantu basanzwe, biba bikuyeho ikintu cyo kuba sosiyete ishamikiye kuri politiki, ukaba sosiyete isanzwe. Ubwo rero ku bijyanye n’uko sosiyete ivugwa, icyo kiba ari ikintu cyiza”.
Mu 2009, agaciro k’ishoramari rya CVL kabarirwaga mu muri Miliyoni 500 z’Amadolari, kandi uwo mubare warazamutse ku buryo bugaragara. Kugeza ubu, nta mubare nyawo w’agaciro k’ishoramari rya CVL katangajwe, ariko umuntu abirebeye mu buryo umusaruro mumbe w’igihugu (GDP) wazamutse, yabona uko bimeze no muri iyo sosiyete, icyo gihe umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu wari Miliyari 5 z’Amadolari, ariko uyu munsi ubukungu bw’igihugu bwariyongereye ubu ‘GDP’ igeze ku yasaga Miliyari 12 z’Amadolari.
Muri iki gihe kandi, sosiyete ya CVL yatangiye kugabanya ibyo ishoramo imari ikibanda gusa kuri bimwe, harimo ubwubatsi, umutekano ndetse no gutunganya ibiribwa n’ibinyobwa kugira ngo ibone uko ijya ku rutonde rw’isoko ry’imari n’imigabane ‘Rwanda Stock Exchange (RSE)’.
Kayonga avuga ko kujya ku isoko ry’imari n’imigabane bizafasha sosiyete ya CVL kubona andi mafaranga aturuka mu bashoramari b’Abanyarwanda bo mu gihugu no mu mahanga ndetse n’abo ku rwego mpuzamahanga, bitume inarushaho gucungwa neza.
Bishingiye ku byo yagezeho mu Rwanda, sosiyete ya CVL yaguye ibikorwa byayo ijya gukorera no mu bihugu nka Zimbabwe, Zambia, Repubulika ya Congo-Brazzaville, Mozambique, ndetse na Repubulika ya Santrafurika.
Mu 2023, Sosiyete ya CVL n’ibigo biyishamikiyeho, byishyuye asaga Miliyari 50 z’ Amafaranga y’u Rwanda ($45 M) y’imisoro, ibyo bikaba na byo bigaragaza uruhare rw’iyo sosiyete mu bukungu bw’igihugu.
Muri rusange, kuva sosiyete ya ‘Tri-Star Investments Limited’ yashingwa ndetse ikaza guhinduka ‘Crystal Ventures Limited’, yagize uruhare rukomeye mu gutuma ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwongera kuzamuka, kuko yashoraga ahantu bigaragara ko hakeneye ishoramari nko mu itumanaho, ubuhinzi n’ubworozi n’ibindi.
Nk’uburyo bwo gutegura ahazaza, sosiyete ya CVL itegenya gukomeza umurage wayo wo kujya igira ibishya mu ishoramari ikora, gukomeza gutera imbere ndetse no kugira uruhare mu kuzamuka k’ubukungu haba ku rwego rw’igihugu no mu karere.